Properties And Functions Of Sea Buckthorn

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is a plant that grows in the Himalayan regions of China, Mongolia, and Russia, as well as in northern Europe. The plant has been used for centuries for its medicinal properties, particularly in Ayurvedic and Traditional Chinese Medicine. The fruit of the sea buckthorn plant is a rich source of vitamins, antioxidants, and essential fatty acids, making it an ideal ingredient for skincare formulations.

Sea buckthorn contains over 190 biologically active compounds, including vitamins A, C, E, and K, flavonoids, carotenoids, and essential fatty acids such as omega-3, -6, and -9. These compounds work together to provide a wide range of benefits for the skin, including anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and moisturizing properties.

Sea buckthorn oil is particularly rich in essential fatty acids, which are important for maintaining healthy skin. These fatty acids help to strengthen the skin’s natural barrier, which can become weakened due to exposure to environmental stressors such as pollution, UV radiation, and harsh weather conditions. By strengthening the skin’s natural barrier, sea buckthorn oil helps to lock in moisture and prevent the loss of hydration, which can lead to dryness and dehydration.

Benefits Of Sea Buckthorn In Skincare

The benefits of sea buckthorn in skincare are numerous. Here are some of the key benefits:

Anti-inflammatory properties: 

Sea buckthorn contains a high concentration of antioxidants, including vitamins C and E, which help to neutralize free radicals and protect the skin from oxidative stress. In addition, sea buckthorn contains anti-inflammatory compounds, which help to reduce inflammation and redness in the skin.

Anti-aging properties: 

Sea buckthorn contains a high concentration of vitamin C, which is essential for the production of collagen. Collagen is a protein that gives the skin its structure and elasticity. As we age, our bodies produce less collagen, which can lead to fine lines, wrinkles, and sagging skin. By promoting collagen production, sea buckthorn helps to reduce the signs of aging and improve the skin’s overall texture and tone.

Moisturizing properties: 

Sea buckthorn oil is rich in essential fatty acids, which help to lock in moisture and prevent the loss of hydration. This makes it an ideal ingredient for dry and dehydrated skin, as well as for skin that is exposed to harsh weather conditions.

Healing properties: 

Sea buckthorn has been shown to have healing properties, particularly for damaged or irritated skin. It contains a high concentration of vitamin E, which helps to promote skin healing and regeneration.

Brightening properties: 

Sea buckthorn contains a high concentration of vitamin C, which has been shown to have brightening properties. By promoting collagen production and reducing the appearance of dark spots and hyperpigmentation, sea buckthorn can help to improve the skin’s overall radiance and glow.

Remember to always research your ingredients first and check for any contraindications that might mean they are not suitable for you to use. Also, always patch test new ingredients and products and to consult with a skincare professional if you have any concerns or questions about your skincare routine.

What Type Of Sea Buckthorn Can You Use in Skincare?

Sea buckthorn is available in several different forms, including oil, CO2 extract, and powder. Each form has its own unique properties and benefits.

Sea Buckthorn Oil: 

Sea buckthorn oil is extracted from the fruit and seeds of the sea buckthorn plant. It is rich in essential fatty acids, including omega-3, -6, and -9, making it an ideal ingredient for skincare formulations. The oil is easily absorbed by the skin, making it a great option for those with dry or dehydrated skin. It also has anti-inflammatory and healing properties, making it suitable for those with sensitive or damaged skin.

Sea Buckthorn CO2 Extract: 

Sea buckthorn CO2 extract is a concentrated form of sea buckthorn oil. The CO2 extraction process is a gentle method that preserves the plant’s nutrients and bioactive compounds. The resulting extract is highly concentrated, making it a potent ingredient for skincare formulations. Sea buckthorn CO2 extract is particularly beneficial for mature or aging skin, as it has strong anti-aging and regenerative properties.

Sea Buckthorn Powder: 

Sea buckthorn powder is made by grinding the dried berries of the sea buckthorn plant into a fine powder. The powder is high in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making it an ideal ingredient for skincare formulations. Sea buckthorn powder is often used in face masks and scrubs, as it helps to brighten and exfoliate the skin.

What Skin Type Is Sea Buckthorn Suitable For?

Sea buckthorn is suitable for all skin types, but it is particularly beneficial for dry, dehydrated, and aging skin. The essential fatty acids in sea buckthorn oil help to lock in moisture and prevent the loss of hydration, making it an ideal ingredient for those with dry or dehydrated skin. The anti-aging properties of sea buckthorn also make it a great option for mature or aging skin.

Sea buckthorn is also suitable for sensitive and irritated skin, as it has anti-inflammatory and healing properties. The vitamin E in sea buckthorn oil helps to promote skin healing and regeneration, making it an ideal ingredient for those with damaged or irritated skin.

We wrote a series of articles about different skin types that might be of interest to you, especially considering Sea Buckthorn is suitable for dry, dehydrated, sensitive, mature and aging skin. 

You can find an article about dry skin here, sensitive skin here and mature or aging skin here.

What Skincare Products Can I Use Sea Buckthorn In?

Sea buckthorn is a popular ingredient in a wide range of skincare products, including:

Face oils: 

Sea buckthorn oil is a popular ingredient in facial oils, as it is easily absorbed by the skin and helps to lock in moisture. It also has anti-inflammatory and healing properties, making it suitable for sensitive or irritated skin.

Balms:

Sea Buckthorn might get overlooked in products like balms and butters, but if you are looking for a healing balm with rich ingredients to moisturize and protect the skin, Sea Buckthorn Oil is a wonderful oil to use. Below is an image of one of our Moisturizing Balms with Sea Buckthorn.

Moisturizers: 

Sea buckthorn is often used in moisturizers, as it helps to hydrate and nourish the skin. The essential fatty acids in sea buckthorn oil help to strengthen the skin’s natural barrier, preventing moisture loss and promoting hydration.

Face masks: 

Sea buckthorn powder is a popular ingredient in face masks, as it helps to exfoliate and brighten the skin. The powder is high in antioxidants and vitamins, making it a great option for those looking to improve the overall health and radiance of their skin.

Serums: 

Sea buckthorn is often used in serums, as it has anti-aging and regenerative properties. The vitamin C in sea buckthorn helps to promote collagen production, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Considerations and Contraindications

While sea buckthorn is generally considered safe for use in skincare products, there are some considerations and contraindications to keep in mind.

Strong color and aroma: 

Sea Buckthorn is bright orange and using it can mean that the color of your products is a little on the orange side. It can also have quite a strong aroma, so do check this before using it to make sure you are happy.

Allergic reactions: 

While rare, some people may be allergic to sea buckthorn. It is always important to patch test any new skincare products before using them on your face or body.

Sensitivity to sunlight: 

Sea buckthorn oil may increase sensitivity to sunlight, so it is important to wear sunscreen when using products that contain sea buckthorn.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: 

While sea buckthorn is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, it is always important to consult with a healthcare professional before using any new skincare products during this time.

Use with caution on oily or acne-prone skin: 

While sea buckthorn oil is suitable for most skin types, those with oily or acne-prone skin may want to use it with caution. Sea buckthorn oil is high in oleic acid, which can be comedogenic and may contribute to breakouts for some individuals.

Storage: 

Sea buckthorn oil and CO2 extract should be stored in a cool, dark place to prevent oxidation and rancidity.

Can be heat sensitive: 

If you are using Sea Buckthorn Oil, it would be best not to heat the oil as it is likely to be heat sensitive. There are 2 types of oil, the one extracted from the fruit (which is not heat sensitive) and the one extracted from the seeds (which is heat sensitive) . If it is not clear which oil you have or if it is oil that has been extracted from both, then we would recommend you treat it as a heat sensitive oil, and add it to the cool down phase of an emulsion. 

How To Formulate Your Natural Skincare Products With Sea Buckthorn

Sea buckthorn is a versatile and beneficial ingredient for natural skincare. Its high content of essential fatty acids, vitamins, and antioxidants make it an ideal ingredient for moisturizing, anti-aging, and regenerative skincare products. Sea buckthorn oil, CO2 extract, and powder are all popular forms of this ingredient, each with their own unique properties and benefits. 

While sea buckthorn is generally suitable for all skin types, it is important to be aware of any potential contraindications and to patch test new products before use. Overall, incorporating sea buckthorn into your skincare routine can help to improve the health, hydration, and radiance of your skin.

Sea Buckthorn is an ingredient we enjoy using in our products and you’ll find it in some of our example formulations inside our online courses. You can learn to work with Sea Buckthorn, and other more specialist ingredients and extracts, by joining our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation. Whether you want to formulate your own products to sell or just for yourself, family and friends, this course has you covered.

To find out more about the Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation (and to enroll), just visit the course page on our website here. You can also download a copy of the course prospectus here. If you have any questions, please do email our customer service team using hello@schoolofnaturalskincare.com

Aloe barbadensis, or aloe vera has been used for centuries as a medicinal plant, and it has been proven to have several benefits for the skin. This succulent plant is rich in nutrients and antioxidants, which make it a popular ingredient in skincare products. 

In this article, we will explore the functions, properties, and benefits of aloe vera in skincare.

It is a succulent plant which offers many benefits and is suited for all skin types, especially dry, damaged, broken, sensitive and irritated skin. It offers anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, humectant and soothing, anti-itch qualities for skin.

According to https://www.cosmeticsbusiness.com, “More than 400 aloe species have been described, mainly occurring in Africa. The best known representatives are Aloe vera and Aloe ferox, which are of great cosmetic and medicinal value. Topically, aloe is used for burns, wound healing, psoriasis, sunburn, frostbite, inflammation, osteoarthritis and cold sores. It is also applied topically as an antiseptic and as a moisturizer.” 

Composition and nutrition of aloe vera

Aloe vera contains vitamin B complex, folic acid, vitamin C and carotene, which is a precursor of vitamin A. Aloe vera leaf juice is commonly used in cosmetic formulations, and is composed of mainly water, along with polysaccharides, anthraquinones, amino acids, glycosides, minerals, flavones, phytosterols and salicylic acid.

• Polysaccharides give aloe its hydrating, emollient and anti-inflammatory benefits, while creating a protective barrier on the skin. 
• Aloe contains a large number of anthraquinones, which offer antimicrobial and antioxidant characteristics.
• Flavones offer further protection from free-radical damage. 
• Phytosterols are anti-inflammatory, which calm and soothe itchy skin, also moisturizing and protecting the skin from trans-epidermal water loss. 
• Glycosides promote healthy cell regeneration and offer antihistaminic (anti-allergen) properties, while vitamins, minerals and essential amino acids nourish the skin.    

The Different Aloe Vera Extracts Used in Natural Skincare

Aloe vera produces two substances which are commonly used in the medical and pharmaceutical world: gel and latex. 

Aloe gel is a jelly-like substance found in the inner part of the aloe plant leaf, and it is clear in color. Aloe latex is yellow in color, and it is sourced from just under the plant’s skin. 

Aloe in cosmetic use is often in liquid or powder extract form and derived from aloe gel, the inner part of the aloe leaf. Aloe is often used in medicine, alternative medicine and cosmetics industries, for its moisturizing, healing, skin soothing and rejuvenating properties. 

There are several types of aloe vera extracts that can be used in natural skincare. Here are some of the most common:

Aloe vera gel: 

Aloe vera gel is the most common type of aloe vera extract used in skincare. It is extracted directly from the inner leaf of the aloe vera plant and is known for its hydrating and soothing properties.

Aloe vera juice: 

Aloe vera juice is another type of aloe vera extract that can be used in skincare. It is made by crushing and grinding the entire aloe vera leaf and filtering out the pulp to create a clear liquid. Aloe vera juice is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and is often used in toners and face masks.

Please note: Commercial aloe vera gels are actually aloe vera juice with thickeners added. When  making your own cosmetics, we would also advise you to use commercial grade aloe vera rather than a direct extraction from the plant. By doing this, you can be certain about the quality and suitability of the extract for cosmetic purposes.

Aloe vera oil: 

Aloe vera oil is a concentrated form of aloe vera that is extracted using a carrier oil like coconut or jojoba oil. It is important to note that aloe vera oil does mot produce an oil but it does have oil-solble components. These components are extracted by maceration where dried plant materials (in this case, leaves) are infused in an oil such as jojoba or sunflower oil. The oil-soluble compounds are infused into the carrier oil to create an aloe vera oil. It is often used in serums and creams and is known for its anti-aging properties.

Aloe vera powder: 

Aloe vera powder is made by dehydrating aloe vera gel or juice and grinding it into a fine powder. Aloe vera powder is often used in face masks and exfoliants and is known for its cleansing and detoxifying properties.

Aloe vera extract: 

Aloe vera extract is a more concentrated form of aloe vera that is made by extracting the active ingredients from the plant using solvents or other methods. Aloe vera extract is often used in high-end skincare products and is known for its anti-aging and skin brightening properties.

It is important to note that the effectiveness of aloe vera extracts in skincare products can vary depending on the quality of the extract and the concentration used. It is always best to choose natural and organic skincare products that use high-quality aloe vera extracts for maximum benefits. Of course, the best way to get the most out of your products, is to make them yourself 🙂

The Functions and Properties of Aloe Vera in Skincare

Aloe Vera is commonly used as an ingredient in moisturizers, serums, and creams because of its hydrating properties, which is its core function. 

One of the most significant properties of aloe vera is its ability to soothe and hydrate the skin. Aloe vera contains polysaccharides, which help to lock in moisture and prevent dehydration. This makes it an excellent ingredient for people with dry or dehydrated skin.

In addition to its hydrating properties, aloe vera is also rich in vitamins and minerals. It contains vitamins A, C, and E, which are all essential for healthy skin. Vitamin A helps to promote cell turnover, while vitamins C and E are antioxidants that help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals. Aloe vera also contains minerals like zinc, which helps to promote healthy skin.

Another property of aloe vera is its anti-inflammatory properties. Aloe vera contains compounds like acemannan, which help to reduce inflammation in the skin. This makes it an excellent ingredient for people with sensitive or inflamed skin.

The aloe plant exhibits many pharmacological activities such as “antioxidant, antimicrobial, immune boosting, antitumor, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, wound healing, and antidiabetic.” (Maharjan and Nampoothiri, 2015)

According to the Mayo Clinic, “Aloe is likely safe when applied to the skin to reduce pain or inflammation. Aloe is likely safe for burns, frostbite, human papilloma virus-1 (HPV) infections (cold sores), psoriasis, and wound healing in people who are not allergic or sensitive to aloe. Medical attention should be sought for severe burns, wounds, or frostbite.” (Mayoclinic.org)

Aloe is reportedly well tolerated in most individuals, even children. The Mayo Clinic describes cases of aloe vera assisting healing of a variety of conditions including:

• Dry skin
• Psoriasis (inflammatory skin condition)
• Seborrheic dermatitis
• Dandruff
• Skin burns
• Wounds
• Irritations

Benefits of Aloe Vera in Skincare

Here are some of the most significant benefits to using aloe vera in your skincare products:

Hydration: 

Aloe vera is an excellent ingredient for people with dry or dehydrated skin. It helps to lock in moisture and prevent dehydration, which can lead to dryness, flakiness, and irritation. To find out more about formulating for dry skin, read our article, Formulating Natural Skincare Products For Dry Skin: Causes, Characteristics & Our Top Recommendations.

Softening: 

Aloe vera is a humectant that helps to soothe and soften the skin, creating a smooth and soft appearance.

Anti-aging: 

Aloe vera is rich in antioxidants, which help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals. By using skincare products that contain aloe vera, you can help to reduce the signs of aging and promote healthy, youthful-looking skin. 

You might like to read our article, Formulating Natural Skincare Products For Mature or Aging Skin: Causes, Characteristics & Our Top Recommendations, for more information on this topic.

Soothing: 

Aloe vera has anti-inflammatory properties, which make it an excellent ingredient for people with sensitive or inflamed skin. It can help to reduce redness, irritation, and inflammation. 

We wrote an article to help you understand more about sensitive skin which you might like to read – The Benefits of Using Natural Skincare Products For Sensitive Skin: Why You Should Switch to Non-Toxic Beauty.

Acne-fighting: 

Aloe vera has antibacterial properties, which make it an excellent ingredient for people with acne-prone skin. It can help to kill acne-causing bacteria and reduce inflammation. 

You’ll find an article on our website that dives deeper into oily and acne prone skin called How to Achieve Healthy, Glowing Skin: Skincare Tips for Oily and Acne-Prone Skin.

Wound healing: 

Aloe vera has been used for centuries to treat wounds and burns. It contains compounds that help to promote healing and reduce inflammation, making it an excellent ingredient for people with wounds or burns.

How to Use Aloe Vera in Skincare

There’s a lot of myths and misconceptions about aloe vera and how to use it in natural skincare. It is really important that you use the correct extract in the product you are making because not all extracts work in all products. It is also important you source aloe vera from a proper skincare ingredient supplier, rather than directly from the plant which is something that we’ll explain in a moment.

When it comes to formulating with aloe vera, you need to know what type of aloe vera to use in what quantity to bring about the desired result. If you get this wrong your product won’t work and you likely won’t understand why. 

This is something we teach students of our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation and by enrolling you can learn how to successfully incorporate aloe vera and other extracts into your formulations. Click here to find out more and to enroll.

To get you started though, here are some of the most popular methods:

Aloe vera gel: 

Aloe vera gel is the most common form of aloe vera used in skincare. You can use aloe vera gel in a moisturizer. You can also mix aloe vera gel with other skincare ingredients like hyaluronic acid or vitamin C for added benefits. 

Aloe vera juice: 

Aloe vera juice can also be used in skincare. You can mix aloe vera juice with other ingredients (like witch hazel, flower waters and/or glycerin) to create a toner.

Aloe vera extract: 

Aloe vera extract is a more concentrated form of aloe vera that can be used in skincare products like serums and creams for added hydration and anti-aging benefits.

Aloe vera oil: 

Aloe vera oil is an infused oil where chopped and dried leaves are infused in a carrier oil such as sunflower oil, coconut oil or jojoba oil to extract the oil-soluble compounds found inside aloe vera. When infusing aloe vera, the leaves need to be dried to ensure no water content remains. 

Aloe vera butter: 

Aloe butter is a concentrated form of aloe vera that is rich in vitamins and minerals, making it ideal for use in moisturizing creams and lotions to soothe and hydrate dry or irritated skin. Aloe Vera Butter is another type of maceration, just like aloe vera oil. Instead of an oil, such as sunflower oil, a carrier oil that is more solid is used, usually with coconut oil. This produces a soft-solid butter which melts on contact with the skin. INCI: Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil and Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract. 

Aloe vera powder: 

Aloe vera powder is often used in exfoliating scrubs or face masks to help remove dead skin cells and unclog pores.

Considerations and Contraindications When Using Aloe Vera in Skincare

While aloe vera is generally safe for use in skincare, there are some precautions you should take when using aloe vera. 

Here are some things to keep in mind:

Allergies: 

Some people may be allergic to aloe vera. If you have never used aloe vera before, do a patch test before using it on your face. Apply a small amount of aloe vera to your inner arm and wait 24 hours to see if you have any adverse reactions.

Quality: 

Not all aloe vera products are created equal. Look for products that use high-quality aloe vera and avoid products that contain fillers or synthetic ingredients.

Sun sensitivity: 

Aloe vera can increase your skin’s sensitivity to the sun. If you use aloe vera during the day, be sure to apply sunscreen to protect your skin.

Dosage: 

If you take aloe vera supplements, be sure to follow the recommended dosage. Taking too much aloe vera can cause diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and other digestive issues.

Common Mistakes People Make When Formulating With Aloe Vera

While aloe vera is a natural and safe ingredient for most people, there are some common mistakes that people can make when using it in skincare products. 

Here are a few to be aware of:

Not patch testing: 

Aloe vera can cause allergic reactions in some people, so it is important to patch test any new skincare products that contain aloe vera before using them all over your face or body. Apply a small amount of the product to the inside of your wrist or behind your ear and wait 24-48 hours to see if any redness, itching, or swelling occurs.

Using too much: 

While aloe vera can be beneficial for the skin, using too much can actually have the opposite effect and cause irritation. It is best to follow the instructions on the product and use only the recommended amount.

Using low-quality products: 

Not all aloe vera extracts are created equal. Using products that contain low-quality or heavily processed aloe vera extracts can be less effective and may even contain harmful chemicals or additives. Look for natural and organic sources of aloe vera and high-quality aloe vera extracts.

Not giving it enough time: 

Aloe vera can take some time to work its magic on the skin, so don’t expect immediate results. Consistent use over time is necessary to see the full benefits of aloe vera in your skincare routine.

Not using it correctly: 

Aloe vera can be used in a variety of ways, including as a gel, juice, oil, or powder. Make sure to follow the correct guidance on how to use the extract, when to use it, in what quantity and in which type of product you can use it.

Using the correct type of aloe vera extract in the correct product: 

This is also an important consideration when using aloe vera in natural skincare. Different types of aloe vera extracts have different properties and are best suited for specific types of skincare products. 

By avoiding these common mistakes and learning how to formulate properly with aloe vera you can effectively incorporate aloe vera into your natural skincare formulations and enjoy its numerous benefits for healthy, glowing skin.

Some Top Tips When Formulating With Aloe Vera

So we’ve looked at some common mistakes, but how about some top tips to help you formulate properly with aloe vera?

All of this and much more is covered in our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation, and in much more detail too, but this should help you for now.

1. Use The Correct Aloe Vera Extract:

Using the correct type of aloe vera extract in the correct product can help to maximize its benefits and ensure that you are getting the most out of your natural skincare routine. It is also important to note that not all aloe vera extracts are created equal, and some may be more effective than others. It is best to look for natural and organic products that use high-quality aloe vera extracts.

2. Know How Much Aloe Vera To Use:

Knowing how much aloe vera to use in your skincare products is also an important consideration when incorporating this ingredient into your formulations.

Using too little aloe vera may not provide the full benefits of this ingredient, while using too much can lead to skin irritation or other adverse effects. It is important to follow high standards of guidelines set out by industry which you will learn about in our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation.

The amount of aloe vera needed may vary depending on the specific product and the concentration of aloe vera extract it contains. It is also important to note that some products may have other ingredients that interact with aloe vera, affecting how much is needed.

By using the correct amount of aloe vera in your skincare products, you can help to ensure that you are getting the full benefits of this powerful natural ingredient without risking any adverse effects.

3. Know When To Add Aloe Vera In The Product Development Process:

You also need to know when to add aloe vera in the product development process so that you formulate your products properly and minimize mistakes that ultimately lead to failed products that don’t have the required texture, consistency, and efficacy, or provide the maximum benefits of aloe vera for the skin.

Aloe vera extract can be added at different stages of the product development process, depending on the desired product and formulation. Some factors to consider when deciding when to add aloe vera include the type of product being developed, the form of aloe vera extract being used, and the other ingredients in the product.

For example, if developing a cream or lotion, aloe vera extract can be added during the emulsion process when combining the oil and water phases. This allows the aloe vera to be evenly distributed throughout the product.

If developing a toner or mist, aloe vera extract can be added during the water phase of the formulation process to ensure even distribution.

When developing a powdered product such as a face mask or exfoliating scrub, aloe vera extract in the form of powder can be added during the blending of the dry ingredients.

It is important to note that aloe vera extract should be added slowly and gradually, while testing the pH level of the product throughout the formulation process. This helps to ensure that the final product has the desired pH level and the aloe vera extract is properly incorporated.

How To Formulate Natural Skincare Products With Aloe Vera

As we’ve discovered in this article, aloe vera is a versatile and beneficial ingredient in skincare. Its hydrating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties make it an excellent ingredient for people with all skin types. Whether you use aloe vera gel, juice, oil, powder or extract, incorporating high quality aloe vera extracts into your skincare formulations can help to promote healthy, glowing skin.

Aloe in its liquid or gel form is water-soluble and works well as an addition or base ingredient to facial toners, mists or spritzers. It also makes a nice addition to lotions and creams, by adding in the water-phase in place of water as an ingredient.  

Liquid aloe is often used in cosmetics in dilutions of 15-20%, to ensure proper preservation is maintained. In alternative medicine, aloe compresses are often applied to skin directly at concentrations between 10-70%, sometimes higher, as few people show irritation or sensitivity to aloe.

Aloe vera gel juice typically has a shelf life of one year, and refrigeration can help extend the shelf life and quality. The composition of aloe makes it prone to contamination and spoil from microorganisms, therefore its use in products should always be accompanied by a preservative system, and GMP (good manufacturing practices).

If you are passionate about natural & organic beauty and want to formulate your own natural skincare products from scratch, like a professional, then you’ll want to join our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation.

All the answers to your questions, problems and failed products are found inside this online course. No more trial and error. No more flipping from one source to the next trying to piece together information that is often incomplete and contradictory. 

Enroll onto our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation and within a few months, you’ll understand the practice, art and science of natural skincare formulation, have a range of professional quality products made by you to showcase to your friends and family…and who knows…perhaps the beginnings of your own natural beauty brand??

To find out more about this online Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation, just click here. If you have any questions, simply email our customer service team using hello@schoolofnaturalskincare.com.

Jojoba, scientifically known as Simmondsia chinensis, is a plant that is native to the Sonoran and Mojave Deserts of Arizona, California, and Mexico. The plant produces seeds that contain a natural liquid wax that is commonly referred to as jojoba oil. 

In natural skincare, jojoba oil is a popular ingredient due to its numerous benefits, including its ability to moisturize, protect, and soothe the skin. Jojoba oil is also known for its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, making it a suitable choice for oily and acne-prone skin. 

In this article, we will explore the properties, functions, features, and benefits of jojoba oil in natural skincare, as well as its different forms and contraindications.

Properties and Functions of Jojoba Oil

Jojoba oil is a liquid wax that is similar in composition to the natural oils found in human skin. This similarity allows jojoba oil to be easily absorbed by the skin without clogging pores or leaving a greasy residue. Jojoba oil is also rich in vitamins E and B-complex, minerals, and fatty acids, making it an excellent moisturizer that can help to soothe and protect the skin.

One of the most notable properties of jojoba oil is its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. This makes it a useful ingredient for people with oily and acne-prone skin. Jojoba oil can help to regulate the production of sebum, the natural oil produced by the skin, which can reduce the likelihood of breakouts. It can also help to soothe and calm irritated skin, reducing redness and inflammation.

Jojoba oil is also a natural antioxidant, which means that it can help to protect the skin from damage caused by free radicals, such as pollution and UV radiation. This can help to prevent premature aging and the development of fine lines and wrinkles.

Features and Benefits of Jojoba Oil in Skincare

Jojoba oil is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of skincare products, including moisturizers, cleansers, and serums. 

Here are some of the key benefits of jojoba oil in natural skincare:

Moisturizing: 

Jojoba oil is an excellent moisturizer that can help to hydrate the skin without leaving a greasy residue. It can help to soothe dry, cracked, and irritated skin, leaving it soft and supple.

Protecting: 

Jojoba oil can help to protect the skin from environmental stressors, such as pollution and UV radiation, which can cause premature aging and damage to the skin.

Regulating: 

Jojoba oil can help to regulate the production of sebum, the natural oil produced by the skin, which can reduce the likelihood of breakouts and oily skin.

Soothing: 

Jojoba oil has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which can help to soothe and calm irritated skin, reducing redness and inflammation.

Anti-aging: 

Jojoba oil is a natural antioxidant, which means that it can help to prevent premature aging and the development of fine lines and wrinkles.

Remember to always research your ingredients first and check for any contraindications that might mean they are not suitable for you to use. Also, always patch test new ingredients and products and to consult with a skincare professional if you have any concerns or questions about your skincare routine.

The Different Forms of Jojoba Oil used in Natural Skincare

Jojoba oil comes in various forms, including wax, butter, and oil. Here’s a breakdown of each form:

Jojoba Wax: 

Jojoba wax is a vegan alternative to beeswax and is commonly used in natural skincare products such as balms, creams, and lotions. Jojoba wax has a high melting point, making it an excellent emollient that can help to lock in moisture.

Jojoba Butter: 

Jojoba butter is a solid form of jojoba oil that is commonly used in body butters, lip balms, and other emollient products. Jojoba butter is rich in vitamins and minerals, making it an excellent moisturizer that can help to soothe and protect the skin.

Jojoba Oil: 

Jojoba oil is the most common form of jojoba and is used in a wide range of skincare products. Jojoba oil is easily absorbed by the skin, making it an excellent moisturizer that can help to hydrate and soothe dry skin. Jojoba oil can also help to regulate the production of sebum, which makes it an excellent ingredient for people with oily and acne-prone skin.

Suitability of Jojoba Oil for Different Skin Types and Absorption Rate

Jojoba oil is suitable for all skin types, including sensitive skin. It is especially beneficial for people with dry, oily, and acne-prone skin due to its moisturizing and regulating properties. Jojoba oil has a medium absorption rate, which means that it is easily absorbed by the skin without leaving a greasy residue.

Jojoba oil is particularly indicated for oily and acne-prone skin due to its ability to regulate the production of sebum. Sebum is the natural oil produced by the skin, and when it is produced in excess, it can lead to oily skin and breakouts. Jojoba oil can help to regulate the production of sebum, reducing the likelihood of breakouts and oily skin.

We wrote a series of articles about different skin types that might be of interest to you, especially considering Jojoba is suitable for all skin types. You can find an article about dry skin here, oily and acne prone skin here, sensitive skin here and mature or aging skin here.

Types of Products Typically Using Jojoba Oil

Jojoba oil is used in a wide range of skincare products, including:

Balms: 

Jojoba oil can be used in balms to help soften and smooth the skin and Jojoba wax can be used as a vegan alternative to beeswax in products such as balms and salves.

Moisturizers: 

Jojoba oil is a popular ingredient in moisturizers due to its ability to hydrate and soothe dry skin.

Cleansers: 

Jojoba oil is commonly used in oil cleansers due to its ability to dissolve dirt and impurities without stripping the skin of its natural oils.

Oils and Serums: 

Jojoba oil is a popular ingredient in oils and serums due to its anti-aging and moisturizing properties.

Lotions and Creams: 

Jojoba oil is commonly used in body lotions due to its ability to hydrate and soothe dry skin.

Of course, you can use Jojoba in just about any product that contains oils and oil-soluble ingredients which would include balms, salves, butters, milks, scrubs and more!

Jojoba in Haircare: Benefits and Uses

Jojoba is used in various forms in haircare products, including oil, wax, and butter, but jojoba oil is the most commonly used form in haircare.

Benefits of Jojoba in Haircare

Moisturizes Hair: 

Jojoba oil is an excellent moisturizer for hair because it can penetrate the hair shaft and hydrate the hair from the inside out. Jojoba oil helps to prevent dryness and brittleness, making hair more manageable and soft.

Promotes Hair Growth: 

Jojoba oil can also promote hair growth by moisturizing the scalp and helping to unclog hair follicles. When hair follicles are blocked, hair growth is slowed down or stopped altogether. Jojoba oil can help to remove buildup on the scalp, allowing for healthy hair growth.

Soothes the Scalp: 

Jojoba oil has anti-inflammatory properties that can soothe an itchy or irritated scalp. It can also help to control dandruff by moisturizing the scalp and reducing flakiness.

Adds Shine to Hair: 

Jojoba oil is an excellent ingredient for adding shine to hair without leaving a greasy residue. It can be used as a natural alternative to silicone-based shine enhancers.

Uses of Jojoba in Haircare

Conditioner: 

Jojoba oil is commonly used in hair conditioners due to its moisturizing properties. It can help to detangle hair, reduce frizz, and leave hair soft and shiny.

Scalp Treatment: 

Jojoba oil can be used as a scalp treatment by applying it directly to the scalp and massaging it in. This can help to soothe an itchy or irritated scalp and promote healthy hair growth.

Styling Aid: 

Jojoba wax and butter can be used as a natural styling aid for hair. Jojoba wax can be used to provide hold and control for hairstyles, while jojoba butter can be used to moisturize and add shine to hair.

Hair Oil: 

Jojoba oil can be used as a hair oil to moisturize and add shine to hair. It can be applied to wet or dry hair and can be left in or rinsed out.

Considerations and Contraindications

While jojoba oil is generally considered safe for most people, there are some considerations and contraindications to keep in mind. 

Here we highlight the main ones to consider:

Allergic Reactions: 

Some people may be allergic to jojoba oil, so it’s important to do a patch test before using it on your skin.

Purity: 

When purchasing jojoba oil, it’s important to ensure that you’re getting a high-quality, pure product. Look for products that are cold-pressed and organic.

Shelf Life: 

Jojoba oil has a long shelf life, but it can still go rancid over time. To extend the shelf life of jojoba oil, store it in a cool, dark place.

Irritation: 

While jojoba oil is generally well-tolerated by most people, it can cause irritation in some individuals. If you experience any redness, itching, or irritation, discontinue use immediately.

Learn to make your own natural cosmetic products with Jojoba!

Jojoba oil is a versatile and beneficial ingredient in natural skincare. Its moisturizing, protecting, regulating, and soothing properties make it a popular choice for people with a wide range of skin types and concerns.

There are many very good reasons to make your own products and incorporate jojoba oil into them as a key ingredient, as we’ve highlighted in this article. Fortunately, there are many good options available to you and we’re here to help!

Our Certificate in Making Natural Skincare Products is primarily for beginners, home crafters and hobbyists who want to learn to make a range for gorgeous natural & organic skincare products for themselves, family and friends. 

Some more advanced formulators enjoy this course because of all the recipes found inside that serve as some inspiration. Inside this course you’ll find over 120+ natural skincare recipes ready for you to use and tips to tweak them to suit your needs and preferences. These recipes have been created by qualified and professional cosmetic experts in line with EU regulations to ensure they conform to the highest regulatory and industry standards. 

There are textbooks, video demonstrations, audio files, activities and quizzes, ingredient information and product making tips and guidance. Plus there’s a weekly Tutor Q&A and a peer-to-peer support group where you can collaborate with your fellow students from all around the world. Click here to find out more.

Alternatively, there is our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation which teaches students how to create their own complete range of natural skincare products from scratch like the professionals. Essentially, this is the course that enables you to go beyond following other people’s recipes and instead create your own formulations and recipes! The course will set you up for success and enable you to create products either for yourself or to sell and to launch your own brand. 

You’ll find an in depth 600+ page textbook on all the ingredients you need. This is the most complete and comprehensive book available covering all of the different types of natural skincare ingredients, all in one place. You can find out more about that textbook here.

In module 4 you’ll learn about the anatomy and physiology of the skin and how to formulate for different types of skin as well as for the skin’s different needs and preferences. We wrote an article that goes into more detail about that module which you can read here.

Inside the course you’ll find a module on natural preservation, a module dedicated to the science of emulsification, modules that teach you how to formulate like a professional, incorporate your values and beliefs into your products whilst complying with cosmetic regulations.

Of course, there are practical modules that you get you doing rather than simply absorbing knowledge! Here you’ll begin formulating your products – oils, butters and balms, soaks, scrubs, mists and toners, creams, emulsions and cleansers and much much more.

And finally, there’s a bonus section at the end that teaches you about formulating natural skincare products with natural surfactants focusing on face and body washes. 

Click here to find out more.

If it is haircare you’re interested in, then our Diploma in Natural Haircare Formulation is what you’ll want to join. It is essentially the same as our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation but instead of focusing on the skin, we focus on the hair and scalp and what’s required to successfully formulate your own shampoos, conditioners and hair treatment as well as styling products. You can find out more about this course here.

What is Shea Butter and Where Does it Come From?

Shea butter is a fat that is extracted from the nuts of the Karite tree (Vitellaria paradoxa), also called the shea tree or African butter tree. This tree is native to the West African savannah, and it is found in countries such as Ghana, Burkina Faso, Mali, Ivory Coast, and Nigeria. The shea tree grows up to 60 feet tall, and it can take up to 20 years for it to start producing fruit.

The fruit of the shea tree is a green, plum-like fruit that contains a nut inside. The nut is then harvested and processed to extract the shea butter. Shea butter is a yellowish or ivory-colored fat that has a creamy texture and a nutty aroma.

Shea Butter and Sustainable Communities

Shea butter is often referred to as “women’s gold” because it is primarily produced by women in rural communities in Africa. The production of shea butter is an important source of income for these communities, as well as a way to empower women and promote gender equality. Interestingly it is also a brilliant and beautiful gold color!

The production of shea butter is also environmentally sustainable. The shea tree is drought-resistant, and it can grow in poor soil conditions, making it a valuable resource for communities in arid regions. The shea tree is also important for the local ecosystem, providing shade and shelter for other plants and animals.

Shea Butter is therefore a hugely valuable commodity. It is highly valued in skincare and haircare and helps the communities where it comes from to build sustainable economies whilst at the same time offering benefits to the wider ecosystem in which it lives.

Properties and Benefits of Shea Butter for Skincare

Shea butter is packed with nutrients that are beneficial for the skin. It contains vitamins A, E, and F, as well as fatty acids that help to nourish and moisturize the skin. Here are some of the key properties and benefits of shea butter for skincare:

Moisturizing: 

Shea butter is an excellent moisturizer that can help to soften and smooth dry, flaky skin. It helps to lock in moisture and prevent water loss, which helps to keep the skin hydrated, leaving the skin soft and supple.

Anti-inflammatory: 

Shea butter has anti-inflammatory properties that can help to reduce redness, swelling, and irritation. It is particularly effective for people with sensitive or reactive skin.

Healing: 

Shea butter can help to promote wound healing and reduce scarring. It contains compounds that have been shown to promote cell regeneration and collagen production, which can help to repair damaged skin.

Anti-aging: 

Shea butter contains antioxidants that can help to protect the skin from free radical damage, which can lead to premature aging. It can also help to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Shea butter is suitable for all skin types, most especially dry, dehydrated, normal, sensitive, combination and aging/mature skin. 

It is just important that you understand the characteristics of each skin type and how to formulate skincare products for different skin types because this can help you to make sure you create the best products, with the right ingredients, in the right quantities to deliver the best possible results. You’ll want to take a look at our article, Formulating Natural Skincare Products For Dry Skin: Causes, Characteristics & Our Top Recommendations for more information.

It can be helpful for oily or acne prone skin to help soften and smooth the skin, lock moisture in, build a strong barrier repair function, and promote healthy skin growth. However, some people may find it leaves a greasy feeling on the skin if too much is used or if it is used in the wrong routine. See our article, How to Achieve Healthy, Glowing Skin: Skincare Tips for Oily and Acne-Prone Skin for more information about that.

Typical Skincare Products That Contain Shea Butter

Shea butter is used in a wide range of skincare products, including moisturizers, body butters, lip balms, and soaps. It is suitable for all skin types, but it is particularly beneficial for dry or sensitive skin. Its moisturizing, nourishing, and protective properties make it a popular ingredient in natural and organic skincare products.

Body butters: 

Shea butter is a popular ingredient in body butters due to its moisturizing and nourishing properties. Body butters containing shea butter can help to soften and hydrate dry or rough skin, leaving it feeling smooth and supple.

Hand creams: 

Shea butter is often found in hand creams due to its ability to moisturize and soothe dry, cracked skin on the hands. The rich texture of shea butter can provide lasting hydration to the skin, making it a great ingredient for those with dry or sensitive skin.

Facial moisturizers: 

Shea butter is also commonly used in facial moisturizers due to its ability to deeply moisturize and nourish the skin and aid the process to keep the skin hydrated by reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL). It can help to improve the texture and tone of the skin, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Lip balms: 

Shea butter can be found in many lip balms due to its moisturizing and protective properties. It can help to soothe and moisturize dry, chapped lips, leaving them feeling soft and smooth.

Body washes and soaps: 

Some body washes and soaps contain shea butter for its moisturizing and cleansing properties. Shea butter can help to cleanse the skin while also providing nourishment and hydration.

We teach students to use Shea butter in their natural & organic skincare products in all of our skincare focused courses. To learn more about formulating your own natural skincare products, you’ll want to take a look at and join our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation. 

If it is making soaps that interests you the most, then you’ll want to join our Diploma in Soap Making or Certificate in Cold Pressed Soap Making.

Remember to always research your ingredients first and check for any contraindications that might mean they are not suitable for you to use. Also, always patch test new ingredients and products and to consult with a skincare professional if you have any concerns or questions about your skincare routine.

Benefits of Shea Butter for Hair

Shea butter is also extremely useful for haircare! It is a versatile and beneficial ingredient, providing moisturizing, softening, and protective benefits for all hair types.

Here are the main benefits of shea butter for the hair:

Moisturizing: 

Shea butter is rich in fatty acids and vitamins that help to moisturize and nourish hair strands, making it a great ingredient for dry or brittle hair.

Softening: 

Shea butter can help to soften hair and make it more manageable, reducing breakage and tangles.

Scalp health: 

Shea butter contains anti-inflammatory properties that can help to soothe and heal the scalp, reducing itchiness and dandruff.

Protection: 

Shea butter can provide a protective barrier for hair, shielding it from heat damage, UV rays, and environmental stressors.

Hair growth: 

Some people believe that shea butter can promote hair growth by stimulating circulation and providing essential nutrients to hair follicles.

The best haircare products that contain shea butter

Shea butter can also be used in a variety of ways to benefit hair. 

Here are some examples:

Shampoos and conditioners: 

Many natural and organic haircare brands use shea butter in their shampoo and conditioner formulas to provide moisturizing and nourishing benefits.

Leave-in conditioners: 

Shea butter is often found in leave-in conditioners to help detangle and soften hair.

Hair oils: 

Shea butter can be combined with other oils, such as coconut oil or argan oil, to create a nourishing hair oil that can be applied to the ends of hair to prevent breakage and split ends.

As a hair mask: 

Shea butter can be melted and applied as a hair mask, left on for several minutes, and then rinsed out to help moisturize and soften hair.

In hair styling products: 

Shea butter is a common ingredient in hair styling products, such as leave-in conditioners, hair creams, and hair oils, to provide moisturizing and protective benefits.

As a scalp treatment: 

Shea butter can be massaged into the scalp to soothe and nourish the skin, helping to reduce itchiness and dandruff.

To learn how to formulate your own natural & organic shampoos, conditioners, hair treatment and styling products, enroll in our Diploma in Natural Haircare Formulation! Here you’ll learn to formulate your own complete range of haircare products like a professional 🙂

Refined vs Unrefined Shea Butter: Which is Best for Your Skin And Hair?

Refined shea butter is processed to remove any impurities, such as debris, odors, or color variations. This process can result in a more uniform and smoother texture, making it easier to apply to the skin and hair. However, refining can also strip the butter of some of its natural beneficial compounds, such as vitamins and minerals.

Unrefined shea butter is raw and unprocessed, and therefore contains all of its natural nutrients and properties. It has a rougher texture and a distinct nutty scent, which some people may find unpleasant. However, unrefined shea butter is often considered to be more effective for skincare and haircare purposes, as it retains its full range of moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and healing benefits.

Ultimately, the choice between refined and unrefined shea butter depends on personal preference and skincare or haircare needs. If you prefer a smoother texture or are sensitive to strong smells, refined shea butter may be the better option. However, if you prioritize the natural properties of the butter and are willing to tolerate a rougher texture and smell, unrefined shea butter may be the way to go.

If you’d like to find out more about refined vs unrefined, take a look at our article, Unrefined vs refined carrier oils: which is best?.

Considerations When Using Shea Butter

While shea butter is generally safe and well-tolerated, there are a few considerations to keep in mind when using it for skincare:

Allergies: 

People with nut allergies should avoid using shea butter, as it is derived from a tree nut.

Texture: 

Shea butter has a thick and heavy texture, which some people may find greasy or difficult to absorb. It is best used in small amounts or mixed with other ingredients to create a lighter, more spreadable texture.

Storage: 

Shea butter should be stored in a cool, dry place to prevent it from melting or becoming rancid. It has a shelf life of around one to two years.

Get Started Formulating Professional Quality Skincare and Haircare Products Today

Shea butter is a natural, sustainable, and luxurious ingredient that has been used for centuries in African skincare. It is known for its moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, and it is suitable for all skin types and hair types. By using shea butter in your skincare and haircare products, you’ll not only benefit your skin, but you’ll also support sustainable and thriving local communities in Africa.

So why not try incorporating shea butter into your skincare and haircare routine? Your skin and hair, and the communities that produce it will thank you.

Find out more about our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation here.

Also, learn about our Diploma in Natural Haircare Formulation here.

And discover our Diploma in Soap Making here.

If you have any questions, please do reach out to our customer service team using hello@schoolofnaturalskincare.com

When it comes to formulating your own natural skincare products, whether for yourself, family and friends, or to sell, there are a few things that can really help you to make sure your products are the very best they can be.

One of those things is having good knowledge of natural and organic ingredients, and access to reliable and up-to-date ingredient information. The better you know your ingredients, the easier it will be to create your own products.

But with so many ingredients to choose from, it can be hard to retain all that information. Also, with so much incorrect and inaccurate information being shared around online, books that go out of date very quickly and new ingredients being discovered on a regular basis, it can be hard to keep up.

Finding and having access to a reliable, accurate and, more importantly, up-to-date guide is what every natural skincare formulator and budding natural beauty entrepreneur needs and wants but it is very difficult to find. 

That’s why we put together The Complete Guide to Natural Skincare Ingredients and Raw Materials! This 600+ page textbook can be found inside our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation and is what students and graduates use to formulate their own professional quality natural and organic skincare products.

Often you find books that cover one area, such as carrier oils or essential oils, but our Complete Guide covers the entire spectrum. 

You’ll find lipids, carrier oils, esters, waxes, butters, essential oils, hydrosols and fragrances, thickeners, stabilizers, solubilizers, thickeners, emulsifiers, preservatives, antioxidants, humectants, clays, powders, sals and exfoliants, vitamins, botanical extracts, hydrosols, pH adjusters and so much more!

You’d be hard pushed to find anything that compares to this anywhere and students and graduates use it as a reference guide for years after completing their studies. It is one of the things students of the Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation love the most.

And what can be more handy to a formulator than a library of information about natural cosmetic ingredients and raw materials?

An ingredients guide at your fingertips!

We have dedicated an entire module in the Diploma of Natural Skincare Formulation to the topic of natural skincare ingredients and raw materials. In it we have created a complete guide to all of the ingredients and profiles featured in the course.

The comprehensive guide, among many other things, includes:

• Descriptions and explanations of the different categories of ingredients.
• A detailed profile for each ingredient that also includes the usage guidelines (percentages and in what phase of a formula to use each) which is somewhat difficult to find.
• A number of scientific papers for further research.

This is a complete reference guide to natural skincare ingredients and raw materials.

When you enroll onto our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation, you’ll find this guide in Module 5: Cosmetic Ingredients and Raw Materials.

What is more, you can download this, save it to your own files and refer to it as often as you like for years to come.

Below is a breakdown of what’s included in this module, but you can also see the same information on the course page on our website, or in the prospectus.

This is just one module of 14 that can be found in the Diploma, created by scientists, formulators and aromatherapists; qualified experts who are passionate about natural and organic cosmetics.

The course contains up-to-date ingredient information based on scientific papers, the latest research, industry guidelines and standards.

A breakdown of natural ingredients and raw materials

What’s included with Module 5: Cosmetic Ingredients and Raw Materials:

In module 5 you’ll select ingredients and cosmetic raw materials appropriate for your formula with confidence by applying your knowledge of the functions, properties and benefits of a wide range of ingredients. 

5.1 Classification of ingredients/raw materials

Ingredients fall into different categories and it is important to understand which category they belong to so you can formulate with them effectively.

5.2 Compatibility of ingredients/raw materials 

How do you know which ingredients are compatible with one another? Discover six properties of ingredients that affect their compatibility.

5.3 Ingredients and functions: an overview

This lesson will provide an overview of the ingredients covered in this module and indicates within which lesson you can find further information.

5.4 Researching ingredients/raw materials

With so much unreliable or incorrect information online and in books, how do you know where to find accurate and reliable information about ingredients? We share our top recommendations with you. 

5.5 Lipids

Lipids are a key ingredient in natural skincare products; they soften the skin, help the skin retain its moisture and support the skin’s barrier function. Discover the functions and benefits of lipids, how they are extracted and processed, and about comedogenicity. 

5.5.1 Composition of lipids

Discover the chemistry of lipids, and take a deep-dive into fatty acids, unsaponifiables and vitamins.

5.5.2 Carrier oils

Carrier oils offer different benefits to the skin and contribute different properties and qualities to your skincare products depending on their composition. Discover 35 carrier oils in detail.

5.5.3 Esters

Esters are a special kind of emollient with a light, silky skin feel that are an ideal replacement to silicones. Discover natural ester options to use in your formulations.

5.5.4 Butters

Butters are rich and creamy and a delightful addition to cosmetics! Learn about a range of butters, including some exotic options.

5.5.5 Waxes

Waxes play a number of important roles in cosmetics. Discover both vegan and non-vegan options including a detailed comparison guide. 

5.5.6 How to select lipids for your formulations

With so many lipids to choose from, how do you select which to use? We share nine key factors to consider.

5.5.7 Getting to know your lipids

Lipids need to be experienced first-hand to be understood properly. Our useful worksheet will take you through the process of getting to know your lipids.

5.6 Humectants

Humectants are ingredients that attract water from the atmosphere to the skin and bind it there. Humectants work with emollients and occlusives to keep skin moisture at optimal levels. Discover seven natural humectants and how to use them. 

5.7 Clays, powders, salt and exfoliants

A variety of dry raw materials are useful in cosmetics and they have a number of different functions such as absorbing oil, exfoliating, and adding color and visual appeal.

5.8 Active ingredients

Active ingredients are high-performance ingredients that offer a special benefit to the skin. 

5.8.1 Antioxidants

Antioxidants have two main functions: to extend the shelf-life of cosmetics and to provide benefits to the skin. Learn about a variety of natural antioxidants.

5.8.2 Vitamins

Learn about three vitamins that are a very beneficial addition to skincare products: Vitamin B3 (Niacinamide), Pro-vitamin B5 (Panthenol) and Vitamin E. Discover their benefits and how to successfully incorporate them into your formulations.

5.8.3 Botanical extracts

Botanical extracts are a vast category of ingredient! Learn about all the different ways they can be extracted and the types of formula you can use them in. Then we look at 21 botanical extracts in detail. 

5.9 Essential oils, hydrosols and fragrances

Learn about fragrancing cosmetic products and key considerations when using essential oils, such as how they work, how much to use, how to use them safely and phototoxicity. 

5.9.1 Essential oil quick reference chart

A handy reference chart to use when formulating.

5.9.2 Essential oil profiles

Essential oils have many benefits for the skin such as being antiseptic, astringent or anti-inflammatory and also provide a wonderful fragrance to cosmetics. We provide 24 detailed essential oil profiles. 

5.9.3 Getting to know your essential oils

We share our well-loved method for really getting to know your essential oils.

5.9.4 How to choose and blend essential oils

Use our helpful tips to create synergistic essential oil blends.

5.9.5 International Fragrance Association (IFRA) guidelines and calculating allergen levels

A step-by-step guide to calculating essential oil allergen levels and when to include allergens on your label.

5.10 Functional ingredients

Functional ingredients make a product work. They have a specific function or deliver a certain benefit. 

5.10.1 Natural emulsifiers for creams and lotions

Emulsifiers are a key functional ingredient in cosmetics. Learn about what emulsifiers are, how they work and why they are used in cosmetics. Discover 13 natural emulsifiers for making creams and lotions, including palm oil-free emulsifiers. 

5.10.2 Emulsifiers for self-emulsifying oils and oleogels

Create innovative oil-to-milk and gel-to-milk cleansers, scrubs and bath and shower oils with special self-emulsifying emulsifiers. Discover exciting new ingredients and how to use them.

5.10.3 Thickeners

Discover a variety of natural oil and water phase thickeners for viscosity modification. Create gels, thicken formulas and improve emulsion stability. 

5.10.4 Solubilizers

Solubilizers are required to add oil soluble ingredients such as essential oils into a water-based product, like facial toner, body spritzer or gel. Learn about several natural solubilizer options.

5.10.5 pH adjusters

Testing and adjusting the pH of cosmetics is a crucial step! Discover how to choose an appropriate pH adjustment solution.

5.11 Natural colorants

We explore a variety of ways of coloring your skincare products from using mineral pigments and micas to using the natural color present in a variety of oils and extracts. 

5.12 Organizing and storing materials in your lab

Crucial to good manufacturing practice is organizing and storing raw materials properly. Use our useful incoming ingredient (raw material) log to help you.

5.13 Substituting ingredients

If you cannot find a certain ingredient what do you do? We give you a six-step process to finding suitable substitutes.

5.14 Supplier list: cosmetic ingredients and equipment

A list of hundreds of cosmetic ingredient suppliers from all around the world! Plus a shortlist of our favorite in each region.

The most complete natural skincare formulation online curriculum 

Our Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation is the most complete online course teaching you how to formulate natural skincare products from scratch like the professionals. You’ll learn the practice, art and science of natural skincare formulation, create a range of products for yourself, family or friends or to sell, that are safe, stable and effective. To find out more about this being the complete online curriculum, read our article, The Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation: A Complete and Comprehensive Curriculum.

The way we teach students to formulate their own products is to do so as if they were creating their products for their brand. That way, they are also designing their brand at the same time. If this is done properly, it is hugely effective. Even if you have no intention of launching a brand, your products will be better than you imagine they could be. They’ll still retain their DiY, artisan essence, but they will be professionally crafted. To find out more about how we do this, read our article, The Only Course You Need to Create Your Own Skincare Brand.

Of course, there’s no better way than to actually enroll onto the course. To find out more about the Diploma in Natural Skincare Formulation check out our website or contact us by email using hello@schoolofnaturalskincare.com.

Pentylene glycol in skincare is a multifunctional cosmetic ingredient used for moisturizing, humectant, penetration enhancing and antimicrobial properties. This makes it a really useful ingredient in natural formulations and one that is worth getting to know.

Why learn to formulate with pentylene glycol?

Here are four reasons to formulate with pentylene glycol:

• It’s naturally derived from sugar cane (not lab-made like many natural preservatives).
• It’s a great sustainable choice as it can be made from waste products from the food industry.
• It is multifunctional and therefore a really useful ingredient to include in your formulations – use it for moisturizing, humectant, penetration enhancing and antimicrobial properties.
• It has the potential to be used as a natural preservative and/or preservative booster.

What is pentylene glycol?

Naturally sourced pentylene glycol is derived from sugarcane or corn and it can be sourced directly as a byproduct from the food industry.

Sugar cane-derived pentylene glycol is extracted from bagasse – a fibrous pulp which remains once the sugar cane plant is crushed to extract its juice. Since bagasse is a waste product of the sugarcane industry, repurposing it reduces waste from the food industry as well as avoiding the creation of waste for cosmetic purposes. That’s why pentylene glycol in skincare is a sustainable choice.

Although it is used primarily as a natural preservative for cosmetics, pentylene glycol is also an effective moisturizing agent and penetration enhancer. It is not categorized as a preservative, but it can work effectively due its antimicrobial properties.

This does, of course, depend on the overall formula of your natural skincare product, but it is something that natural and organic formulators might want to explore further.

Pentylene glycol is obtained naturally, unlike most natural preservatives, for example benzyl alcohol, potassium sorbate and phenethyl alcohol, which are synthetically created (but nature-identical). These ingredients, although COSMOS-approved, are lab-made to match those found in nature. As well as being a natural preservative for skincare, it’s a natural preservative for hair products, too.

If you’d like to learn more about natural preservatives and their necessity, you can read about Creating a Broad-spectrum Preservative System for Natural Skincare Products, and Natural Preservatives for Cosmetics, where you can also download a free factsheet on natural preservatives and emulsifiers.

What are the functions of pentylene glycol?

Pentylene glycol in skincare has a range of functions, including:

Skin moisturizing

Pentylene glycol is a humectant, which means it can attract and retain water on the skin’s surface. This increases the skin’s water content, leading to hydrated and plumped skin.

Antimicrobial properties

Pentylene glycol has been shown to have antimicrobial properties. Some suppliers even claim it can be used as the sole preservative in a cosmetic product. We decided to put this to the test by using pentylene glycol as the sole preservative in a lotion formula and sending it for professional microbiological testing. 

We share the results in full in our class on Pentylene Glycol: Natural Multifunctional Ingredient for Cosmetic Preservation in the Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club. Join today to read the results and learn how to use pentylene glycol in your formulations.

Pentylene glycol is also very useful as a preservative booster. We have used it as a booster in formulations that are more challenging to preserve, such as those containing clay. You’ll find examples of how we have used it successfully as a preservative booster in our Formulating Emulsion-based Clay Face Masks class also available inside the Club. 

Penetration enhancer

The skin provides vital protection to our bodies and is specifically designed to keep out any external aggressors. 

However, this barrier also prevents the penetration of beneficial cosmetic actives. Penetration enhancers temporarily disrupt the skin barrier allowing actives to penetrate further, which in some cases can improve the benefits of actives.

Find out more about pentylene glycol

To find out more about pentylene glycol, check out our in-depth guide: Pentylene Glycol: Natural Multifunctional Ingredient for Cosmetic Preservation, inside the Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club.

Here we talk about the role of preservatives in cosmetics, the usage guidelines of pentylene glycol, and testing the preservative function of pentylene glycol. You’ll discover if pentylene glycol is effective as the sole preservative is a formula (we’ll even share the Preservative Efficacy Test report with you) and we’ll give suggestions for synergistic preservative ingredients it can be combined with if required.

In this guide you’ll receive:

• The PET results from our experiment which help answer the question: How effective is pentylene glycol as a preservative?
• Guidance on how to interpret PET results.
• Usage instructions for pentylene glycol.
• More information on the functions of pentylene glycol.
• A beautiful PDF to download and keep.

Science and the Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club <h2>

Within the Club, Members are advancing their product-making skills, ingredient knowledge and formulating abilities, and are building their knowledge of the skin and the science behind formulating cosmetics.

As well as business skills that will help them to launch, grow, expand and improve their natural beauty businesses, Members explore the latest trends, developments and research.

Students, graduates and confident formulators access classes, courses, guides, lab experiments and reports, formulations, lab skills tutorials and more, all about natural cosmetic formulation from across the entire natural cosmetics spectrum.

By following our values of natural and organic cosmetic formulation, you too can begin an adventure that could change your life.

Join the Club to access the guide today

Check out our Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club to find out all about the Club and how to join.

Join today and exchange some of your first month’s credits for Pentylene Glycol: Natural Multifunctional Ingredient for Cosmetic Preservation for immediate access to the class. The class is only 25 credits meaning you’ll have an additional 25 credits during your first month to access an additional class, ingredient guide or formulation too!

Already a member? You’ll find the class on the Ingredients dashboard. 

With loads of exciting topics to discover, new classes added every month and a supportive community, we know you’ll love being a member!

Any Questions?

Please do get in touch with our customer service team by email using hello@schoolofnaturalskincare.com with any questions you may have. We’re here to help and would be delighted to hear from you.

Preservatives are essential to protect natural skincare and haircare products from microbial growth, but it can be difficult to ascertain which natural preservatives are the best choice and which you should use in your products.

We are often asked by students, “Which natural preservatives are the best or most effective?” So, we decided to put seven natural cosmetic preservatives to the test on one of our lotions, to see which were effective…. and which weren’t.

Now we are bringing our findings from our lab to yours! (Spoiler: not all the preservatives passed the test).

The only way to know for sure how effective a preservative is, is to send a product for professional Preservative Efficacy Testing (PET) also known as challenge or microbiological testing. So that’s what we did! Seven lotions were sent for testing, each with a different natural preservative.

Read on to discover how to get your hands on US $1,200 worth of preservative test results that will help you choose effective, natural preservatives for your own formulations.

What are the risks of using ineffective preservatives?

Cosmetic products containing water are highly susceptible to microbial contamination, as they provide the perfect conditions for microorganisms such as bacteria, yeasts and molds to grow within them.

Microbial growth leads to the degradation of your product or its ingredients, and has negative effects on your product’s safety, stability and efficacy. Contaminated products can cause anything from minor skin irritation to serious skin or systemic infections.

Microbes cannot be seen by the naked eye so you and the consumer will not know that the product has been contaminated until it’s too late.

As well as being a health hazard, microbial contamination can also pose a financial burden. If a batch of a cosmetic product is found to be contaminated, it must be recalled; this is an expensive process as well as having an impact on the reputation of your brand.

Our experiment: Which natural preservatives for cosmetics are most effective?

To compare the efficacy of different natural preservatives, we sent seven lotions, identical in every way except for the preservative they contain, for professional Preservative Efficacy Testing (PET) to see which ones passed and which didn’t.

We tested:

• • Preservative Eco/Geogard ECT (INCI: Benzyl Alcohol, Salicylic Acid, Glycerin, Sorbic Acid).
  • Geogard Ultra (INCI: Gluconolactone, Sodium Benzoate).
  • Geogard 221 (INCI: Dehydroacetic Acid, Benzyl Alcohol).
  • Euxyl K 712 (INCI: Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Sorbate, Aqua).

• Leucidal Liquid (INCI: Radish Root Ferment Filtrate) with AMTicide Coconut (INCI: Lactobacillus, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Fruit Extract).

• Leucidal SF Complete (INCI: Lactobacillus Ferment, Lactobacillus, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Fruit Extract).
• Leucidal SF Max (INCI: Lactobacillus Ferment).

These ready-to-use natural broad-spectrum preservative blends are an easy and convenient option for home formulators. But how effective are they?

Which were the best natural broad-spectrum preservative blends that we tested and which ones failed?

We have written up the results of our experiment in full in two reports:

• Testing Four Natural Preservatives and
• Testing Leucidal Preservatives

In these reports you’ll learn:

• How preservatives work and when they are required.
• Details of our experiment and the results of the testing, including US $1,200 worth of PET results.
• A detailed analysis of the test results describing the strengths and weaknesses of the different preservative blends. 
• How to interpret challenge test (PET) results and be able to apply this to your own products to create successful preservative systems.

Each report is available for just 25 credits (approximately US $30) inside our Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club.

You don’t need any prior knowledge about preservative testing as everything is thoroughly explained!

We conducted these experiments to save you both time and money when creating your own formulations. Use our findings to help you select appropriate preservatives for your own products.

Join the Club to access the reports today

Check out our Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club to find out all about the Club and how to join.

Join today and exchange your first month’s credits for Testing Four Natural Preservatives and Testing Leucidal Preservatives for immediate access to the reports and results.

Already a member? You’ll find the class on the Formulation Lab dashboard, in the Experiments section.

With loads of exciting topics to discover, new classes added every month and a supportive community, we know you’ll love being a member!

Any Questions?

Please do get in touch with our customer service team by email using hello@schoolofnaturalskincare.com with any questions you may have. We’re here to help and would be delighted to hear from you.

Excitingly, there is a cutting-edge ingredient on the skincare market that’s causing quite a stir. You may have heard the buzzwords ‘polyhydroxy acids’ or ‘PHAs’. PHAs are chemical exfoliants that are much more gentler than AHAs or BHAs, are very hydrating and are suitable for even sensitive skin. 

What’s even better is that polyhydroxy acid (PHA) is a totally natural skincare ingredient. Hurrah! The most prominent PHA, called gluconolactone, is a COSMOS-approved ingredient, which is sourced from corn production.

For those of you interested in the benefits of hydroxy acids but concerned about the sensitivity that AHAs and BHAs can cause, you may have just discovered your new favorite skincare ingredient.

What are hydroxy acids?

Hydroxy acids are a category of compounds that act as chemical exfoliators for the skin. There are three main types of hydroxy acid: alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), beta hydroxy acids (BHAs) and polyhydroxy acids (PHAs).

Chemical exfoliators are an alternative to physical exfoliants. They work by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells that are present on the outer layer of the skin. Once the skin has been chemically exfoliated, smoother and brighter looking skin is revealed. 

As exfoliation can cause skin irritation, these products are typically formulated with moisturizing ingredients (such as emollients), hydrating ingredients (such as humectants), and other skin soothing ingredients to help minimize any potential irritation.

What are the benefits of polyhydroxy acids?

Polyhydroxy acid is growing in popularity among natural cosmetic formulators, not only due to its skin benefits but because this ingredient is natural, derived from renewable sources and biowaste. 

Sustainability is no doubt a high priority in your natural skincare ethos, just like in ours, so it is refreshing to know that by choosing this ingredient you are helping to build a more circular economy by creating a market for a waste product. 

The most popular skin benefit of PHAs such as gluconolactone, is that they act as a chemical exfoliant and therefore reveal smoother, brighter skin and reduce congestion. 

A big issue with using AHAs as chemical exfoliants is that they can cause irritation; however PHAs are increasingly popular due to being more gentle. PHAs are suitable for use on all skin types, including sensitive skin, and have been found to be suitable for clinically sensitive skin, too (such as rosacea and aptopic dermatitis). 

PHAs also act as humectants and moisturizers for the skin. They are similar to AHAs in this function, but are thought to bring additional humectant and moisturizing properties, providing a range of skin benefits such as reducing transepidermal water loss and preventing chemical damage to the skin. 

Researched on a range of skin tones and types, PHAs have shown a reduction in the most common signs of photoaging. The PHA gluconolactone has been found to protect skin from some of the damaging effects of UV radiation. It is helpful in maintaining collagen levels within the skin, as well as improving its elasticity and tone and reducing the appearance of sallowness.

How to formulate with polyhydroxy acids

It’s difficult to ignore such incredible benefits of PHAs, which is why many skincare brands are embracing this relatively new ingredient – and you could, too! They’re ideal homemade exfoliants.

In the Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club, we have created a fantastic ingredients guide, Formulating with Polyhydroxy Acids (PHAs), which delves into the science behind this amazing ingredient; even deep down to its molecular structure!

If you unlock this guide, you will also have access to more detailed explanations of the similarities and differences between AHAs, BHAs and PHAs, as well as how to formulate with polyhydroxy acids.

You will learn about the most prominent polyhydroxy acid on the skincare market, as well as exploring skincare examples already available. Plus, there’s much, much more!

We give you three formulation examples to get a feel of how adaptive polyhydroxy acids are. We show you how this one ingredient can feature in a toner, a bi-phasic serum and a body moisturizer!

Why not make our AHA and PHA Toner; a gentle product that will help reduce congestion within the skin. Or formulate our PHA and Bakuchi Oil Bi-phasic Serum that helps reduce the appearance of hyperpigmentation and wrinkles. Perhaps you could create our PHA Body Moisturizer for smoother, brighter looking skin.

All of these ready-to-use formulations developed and tested by our Cosmetic Scientists are at the fingertips of Club members! Plus members can follow our detailed guidelines to formulate their own unique PHA products.

Join the Club today!

Simply check out our Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club to find out how you can join the Club, get access to Formulating with Polyhydroxy Acids (PHAs) and discover more exciting material that’s released on a regular basis.

If you have any questions, please email us at hello@schoolofnaturalskincare.com

Surfactants are an important category of ingredient in cosmetics because they function as detergents which help to remove dirt. They are therefore the basis of many types of cleansing products such as face and body washes, hand wash, bubble bath and shampoo.

What is a surfactant?

The word surfactant is a shorter term for surface active agent, which actually describes how it functions – it lowers the surface tension between two liquids, between a gas and a liquid or between a liquid and a solid.

To understand what interface surface tension means, imagine water and oil mixed together. They will not form a homogenous mixture and where the two liquids touch each other (interface) there will be certain tension, keeping the two liquids separate. 

If surfactants are added to this mixture, they will lower the tension and allow water and oil to mix.

7 core functions of surfactants

Surfactants have lots of different functions but the main ones we will be focusing on are: wetting, foaming, dispersion, emulsification, detergency, solubilization and viscosity regulation.

1. WETTING

This refers to how a liquid deposits onto a solid or liquid surface and how it spreads out. An example of this is how shampoo and conditioner spreads out onto the hair in order to carry out its function.

2. FOAMING

Surfactants are used to create foam in products such as shampoo, and body, face and hand washes. Foam forms when gas is trapped inside so-called ‘cells’ with liquid film walls.

3. DISPERSION

This is normally a powder (solid) dispersed in a liquid. A surfactant reduces interfacial tension and helps effective dispersion.

4. EMULSIFICATION

Emulsification is the formation of a dispersed system made of two immiscible liquids (eg oil and water), where one is dispersed within the other in the form of small droplets.

The surfactant is positioned at the oil and water interface, lowering interfacial tension and preventing separation. This is how an emulsifier normally works to allow both oil and water phases to mix.

5. DETERGENCY

Surfactants have the ability to remove dirt and grime from a surface. The hydrophilic (water-loving) head is attracted to the water and the lipophilic (oil-loving) tail is attracted to the oil in the dirt and grime. 

These opposing forces loosen the dirt and grime on the surface, eventually suspending it in the water that washes it away.

This mechanism is used when we wash our clothes with detergent and when we use shampoo on our hair. Detergency is the function of surfactants that plays a key role in the cleansing action of face and body washes.

Notice how foam and detergency are two separate functions of surfactants? 

High foam does not necessarily mean high detergency, and vice versa. It is only our perception that a product must foam in order to clean well. There are surfactants that do a very good job of cleaning, yet do not produce much foam; these are mainly natural surfactants. 

In order to satisfy customers’ expectations of foaming body washes, surfactants that create good foam can be incorporated into a formula. On the other hand, a less foaming formula is usually perceived as more gentle and nourishing, which can also be used to your advantage.

6. SOLUBILIZATION

Solubilization is the process by which insoluble materials are made water soluble by their encapsulation within micelles.

Solubilization is required when you want a clear formula but still want to blend oil in a mostly water formula. There are surfactants, fortunately, that can create particles so small that light can pass through them. This allows the solutions to remain clear. 

Use of solubilizing surfactants is required when adding essential oils or fragrance oils to a water-based product. For solubilization to occur, oil and surfactant ratios must be at the optimum level.

7. VISCOSITY REGULATION

Surfactants also have the possibility to change the viscosity of the formulation. Oils have quite a low viscosity, as does water. But when the two are mixed with the addition of a surfactant to create an emulsion, the viscosity is greatly increased.

3. Surfactants are versatile – With a small selection of surfactants you can formulate a wide range of products.

4. Cost effective – Many surfactants are relatively inexpensive to buy; therefore by making your own surfactant-based products you can save a lot of money compared to buying natural and organic products.

5. Formulate gentle products – Many commercial surfactant-based products are harsh and drying on the skin. Learn how to make yours gentle and non-drying.

6.Suitable for natural/organic certification – Formulate to natural and organic standards.

7. Expand your skincare range – Take all five modules of Formulating with Natural Surfactants and you’ll have the knowledge to add a variety of cleansing products to your skincare range.

Can you formulate surfactant-based cosmetic products at home?

In short, yes you can!

As you will probably notice from this article, there is a bit of science involved, but don’t let that put you off. 

Surfactants are a wonderful category of cosmetic ingredient to discover. 

They add cleansing and foaming properties to a formula and are therefore used to create a wide range of products including face washes, body washes, shower gel, hand wash, bubble bath, shower foam and foaming cleansers.

Once you’ve grasped the fundamentals of surfactants – what they are, how they work, and how to formulate with them – making your own foaming cleansing products is a truly fun thing to be able to do.

Take our Formulating with Natural Surfactants course to learn the science of surfactants, discover a selection of gentle, natural surfactant choices (so you can avoid harsh surfactants such as SLS) and formulate a wide range of cleansing and foaming skincare products that are natural, mild and effective.

You can access this online course by being a Member of the Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club. To find out more about the Club, click here

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For beauty enthusiasts keen on making their own products, many have a real desire to make their own mineral makeup. It is a lot of fun and can be done easily from home.

However, making your own mineral makeup is different to other cosmetic products like skincare or haircare and knowing how to do it, as well as what’s different about it, is an important place to start.

You might like to read our article, How to Make Your Own Natural Mineral Makeup, to help get you started.

In this article, we are going to look at the essential ingredients used in mineral makeup products.

We will classify powdered ingredients into two main groups: base powders and pigment.

Base powders are colorless powders that give structure, volume and a pleasant skin feel to powdered makeup products such as mineral foundation. They do not offer much coverage and they also do not impart any colour to the product.

Pigments, on the other hand, are very concentrated powders that come in several different colors. They provide coverage and color to the product. They need to be blended or dispersed (‘diluted’) in base powders in order to get even distribution and suitable coverage.

You can imagine pigments as essential oils, and base powders as carrier oils in cosmetics. Using pure, undiluted essential oils on the skin would be dangerous. That is why we always dilute them in carrier oils. 

While using pure pigments on the skin would not be dangerous or irritating, it would be rather unappealing – it would create excessively strong coverage, resulting in a non-natural looking appearance.

To avoid this from happening, we use base powders to mix with our pigments.

The term ‘base powders’ is not a scientific term, but it describes the main function of these powders – they provide a base, or a foundation, for our mineral makeup product.

Let’s take a look at each in turn.

The Top 3 Pigments Used in Mineral Makeup

Mineral pigments are a vast group of inorganic pigments. They can be naturally derived (mined from different ores), but are often contaminated with dangerous heavy metals such as mercury, arsenic and lead.

Pigments used for cosmetic applications are made synthetically and are nature identical. This means that instead of being derived from nature they are replicated in a lab setting. Despite not being naturally derived, they are permitted in many natural/organic certifications. 

Mineral pigments are very stable (they do not fade or change color) and they produce intense hues.

Here are the 3 most widely used types of pigments in mineral makeup, and again we cover them in our online course, Formulating Mineral Makeup.

1. White pigments for example Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide.
2. Mineral colorants for example Yellow Iron Oxide, Red Iron Oxide, Black Iron Oxide, Brown Iron Oxide,  Pink Ultramarine, Blue Ultramarine 
3. Colored Micas

How to make your own mineral makeup

Making your own mineral makeup can be tricky, especially if you’ve not done it before or haven’t had any proper tuition. 

Formulating these products is different to other cosmetic products and it can be hard to get them right, especially because the quantities (weights and measures) we’re working with are so small. It can be quite fiddly – especially when you don’t know what you are doing.

In addition to that, it is important you know about usage rates and percentages for each ingredient and that’s before we get into the intricacies of color cosmetics and understanding the theory around getting that right.

Don’t let any of this put you off, because it is absolutely possible to make some amazing mineral makeup products from home. 

If you are a beginner, you’ll be able make:

1. Mineral foundation
2. Mineral eye shadow
3. Mineral blushers, bronzers and highlighters and
4. Pressed powders

We cover all of this and much more in our brand new online course, Formulating Mineral Makeup – which you can access by being a member of the Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club.

And once you’ve grasped the basics, you can move onto the more advanced products, which we’re going to be covering in our upcoming online course, Formulating Advanced Mineral Makeup, such as:

1. Mascara
2. Cream blush
3. Lip and eye crayons
4. Lipsticks
5. Concealers
6. And one or two other exciting products too 🙂

Inside the Natural Cosmetic Formulation Club, not only will you receive expert tuition from qualified Cosmetic Scientists, you’ll also join a vibrant online community of natural beauty lovers from all around the world. 

And you’ll be able to access a whole range of other natural beauty classes, courses and learning materials covering the whole natural cosmetics spectrum!

To find out more about the Club, click here.

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